Gary’s Blog

We live in a world where claims about everything from climate change to health remedies are constantly vying for our attention. How do we figure out which claims are grounded in solid science and which belong to the realm of pseudoscience? This isn’t just an academic puzzle; it has real-world consequences for our health, our Read More

Have you ever wondered what truly distinguishes genuine science from pseudoscience? It’s a question with significant practical and theoretical importance. While many might intuitively say science is about finding evidence that supports a theory, the philosopher Karl Popper offered a surprisingly different answer. Born in Vienna in the early 20th century, an era when theories Read More

Prompts can be composed of text, images, or both, depending on the model. Fundamentally, prompts get converted into tokens, and the quality of this initial input strongly influences the relevance and accuracy of the model’s response. While there’s no single formula, effective prompts often contain elements like keywords, guidelines, formatting instructions, and examples. Several techniques Read More

Generative AI (GenAI) has burst onto the scene, capturing global enthusiasm and driving the next wave of digital transformation. At the heart of many GenAI applications are Large Language Models (LLMs), powerful AI models trained on vast amounts of text data to understand and generate human-like text. LLMs, like OpenAI’s GPT series, Google’s PaLM and Read More

The New Theory of Disuse (NTD): This theoretical framework provides a rationale for why difficulties can be desirable. The NTD characterizes an item in memory by two strengths: Storage Strength: Represents how well learned and interconnected an item is in memory. The theory assumes that storage strength, once accumulated, is never lost . Retrieval Strength: Read More

We often hear claims about what is or isn’t “scientific.” Science holds a distinctive place in modern society; we trust its pronouncements on everything from building bridges to who counts as an expert. Yet, history is full of scientific theories that turned out to be wrong. This leads us to a fundamental question: what exactly Read More