The culture (comprising beliefs, attitudes, symbols, and similar concepts) that learners experience when they are young contributes to their views and perspectives. These influence what behaviors in schools that learners value, how they define learning, and ideas about how learning occurs. These all affect how individual interact with curriculum, teachers, and peers in school.
Differences between these factors in different cultures and how deviation from expectations is perceived affect learners’ actions in school. Some cultures value deviation as a sign of creativity and intelligence, but others perceive the ability to copy others as a sign of intelligence. Culture, we find, provides the context in which all curriculum and all teaching is interpreted.